INTERNET AND COMPUTER
A. Understanding the Internet
Internet comes from the Interconnected-networking that have
sense of connection with various types of computers that form a network system that covers the whole world (global computer network) by means of telecommunications such as telephone lines, radio links, satellite and more.
In regulating integration and computer network communication protocol used is TCP / IP. TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) ensures that all links are working properly, sedangkanIP (Internet Protocol), which transmits data from one computer to lain.TP C / IP in general function to choose the best route data transmission, choose an alternate route if the route is not be in use, manage and transmit the data packets delivery.
To be able to participate and use the Internet facilities, you usually have
subscribe to Satui SP (Internet Service Provider) in your city.
ISP is usually called Internet service providers or service providers
Internet. You can use the facilities of Telkom Instant Telkomnet
or Telkom Speedy.
By utilizing the Internet, the use of computers across the world it is possible to communicate with each other and sharing information with each other how to send e-mail, connect to other computers, send and receive files, discuss a particular topic on the newsgroups, and others.
B. Understanding Intranet
An intranet is a private network (private network) that uses Internet protocols (TCP / IP), to share confidential company information or operations of the company to its employees. Sometimes, the term refers only to the service intranet seen, the company's internal website. To build an intranet, then the network must have several components that build the Internet, the Internet Protocol (TCP / IP, IP addresses, and other protocols), the client and the server. HTTP protocol and several other Internet protocols (FTP, POP3, or SMTP) is generally a component of a protocol used.
Generally, an intranet can be understood as a "private version of the Internet", or as a version of the Internet that are owned by an organization.
INTERNET AND COMPUTER
The Internet is a very large computer networks. In order to terhubunga to a network (internet), a computer requires hardware (hardware) extra. Once the hardware is met, our computer can be connected to the internet.
1. Computer Network (LAN)
Accessing the Internet using a local computer network is to connect the computer to the internet via a local network server that is connected to the internet. Connecting internet via LAN biasaanya done in companies, laboratories, schools, cafe, and so on.
In order to access the Internet through a LAN, we use computer must be connected to the network. To be able to connect to our computer network must have a network card (LAN card).
The benefits of internet access via LAN is a charge for internet access cheaper. This is due to the cost of computer access shared some fatherly. That is why the money we spent to access the Internet from Internet cafes are cheaper than the cost of access from home using telephone wires.
The downside of internet access via LAN is if you're doing a lot aakses, access will be slow, especially if the bandwidth is limited.
Direct Telephone Line
Computer connects to the internet using the phone line (dial-up) is the easiest way to access the internet. However, to do it we have to have a modem installed in the computer, phone line, and had enrolled in a particular ISP.
When we use the internet connection via dial-up, in addition to paying a subscription fee to an ISP, we also have to pay the cost of your telephone that we use every time we access the internet.
Currently, Telkom has been providing Internet access service called Instant Telkomnet. These services allow us direct access to the internet without having to register first. Instant telkomnet using access number 080989999 with the user ID "telkomnet @ instant" and password "telecom". These services can be used throughout Indonesia with the local telephone payments. If we use this service, internet access payments made will be charged to our phone payment each month.
Access speeds by using a dial-up can reach 56 kbps. However, it is usually less than the maximum speed, especially if the network is busy the telephone.
Currently, some ISPs support dial-up service them with the data compression technology.
The technology works by compressing the data to be sent across the telephone line and then on the receiving side the data is returned (uncompress) again. This makes the data that should be passed on the telephone network becomes smaller, so that data transmission becomes faster. Technology can enhance data transfer speed to 4-5 times faster.
The advantages of using the internet connection is dial-up aringan wide. As long as they are mounted phone, we can use this access.
While the lack of access to dial-up is still relatively expensive price, speed of access are unstable and highly dependent on the load on the network telephone conversations, and mobility access requires that we remain on or place.
INTERNET AND COMPUTER
ADSL technology
Tenologi ADSL (Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line) allows telephone lines used to skip high kecpatan premises digital signal to transmit data. This allows us engakses high speed internet. Over telephone lines.
ADSL technology provides advantages kapada internet service providers and customers. Service providers no longer need to build infrastructure to support ADSL service Bary. Customers certainly do not need to pay for new infrastructure. Provided that no phone lines, ADSL services can be used.
Connection to the Internet by using ADSL technology allows us to download data from the Internet more quickly and efficiently. ADSL is capable of transmitting data at speeds of up to 2Mbps to users within 5 km of the telephone exchange.
Kelebhan other than a dialup connection, connection to the internet will not be disturbed even if they have an incoming or outgoing. And vice versa, the phone can still be entered even if the channel is being used for the Internet. In other words, we can still use the internet while using your phone simultaneously. This can not be done with a dial-up connection.
Besides the advantages of using ADSL technology is:
1. You can connect to the internet, and can still use the phone to receive / call.
2. Speed is much higher than a regular modem.
3. Do not need a new phone cable, ADSL allows using the phone cord.
4. Some ADSL ISP will provide ADSL modem as part of the installation.
Weaknesses of the technology ADSL modem price is relatively more expensive compared to a dial-up modem. In addition, the subscription price of the ADSL connection is still relatively expensive when only used for the individual. ADSL service is also not available in all areas, but it also contained other weaknesses are:
Losses ADSL
1. ADSL connection will work perfectly if the location we are pretty close to the telephone exchange.
At least within a 2-3 km stretch of cable is usually quite safe to use ADSL to
speeds around 8 Mbps. New DSL technology that can transmit data at very
height up to 100 Mbps. Of course, for a very short distance.
2. ADSL connection is faster for receiving data than sending data over the internet.
3. Old copper cables can degrade the quality of the connection and reduce speed.
4. ADSL services do not exist in the area which is no telephone wires.
In order to use ADSL, we have to provide ADSL modem and is also listed as
ISPs that provide customer connection services using ADSL technology.
INTERNET AND COMPUTER
Cable TV Network
Some cable TV companies also provide Internet access through cable TV networks. Internet access using cable TV network is the right choice for internet users in a family, where the miraculous people can access the internet together.
Cable TV networks for data communication lines wide. This is because the TV cable must pass data moving pictures and sound with high quality. If the internet is used for the size of the data that is passed only much smaller, we would get a very fast internet access.
Typically, the cost for Internet access with cable TV marupakan bundled with cable TV service. Therefore, the cable TV network users surf freely without adding costs.
Excess use your network to access the Internet with cable TV is able to access the internet stiap kta time and free of distractions elepon busy.
The downside of intrnet access to cable TV network is only available in major cities and even then limited in certain areas are reachable by cable TV services.
GPRS
GPRS (General Packet Radio Sevice) is teknilogi sending data in packets using radio waves. GPRS is a wireless communication technology generations two and a half (2.5 G) which is the development of technology the GSM (2G).
As wireless technology, we can make use of GPRS for accessing the internet anywhere as long as we are within range of GPRS signal
The need for mobile communication industry will cause a ne eknologi GPRS data communication is widely used this sat. GPRS has elajuan fast data transfer, which can reach 115kbps. Although in practice, GPRS data transfer speeds still at 25-30 kbps.
In theory, GPRS promises speeds ranging from 56 kbps to 115 kbps, thus allowing access to internet, multimedia data delivery to computers, notebooks and handheld computers.
However, in implementation, it depends on the following factors:
• Configuration and allocation of time slots at the level of BTS
• Software used
• Support mobile phone features and applications that are used
Main Components
The main components of the GPRS network are:
• GGSN (Gateway GPRS Support Node): gateway GPRS network link to the Internet. The function of this component is the interface to the PDN (Public Data Network), information routing, network screening, screening user, address mapping.
• SGSN (Serving GPRS Support Node): BSS network connecting gate / BTS to the GPRS network.
This component serves to deliver data packets to the MS, HLR updates to customers, new customer registration.
• PCU: BSS-level component that connects the terminal to the GPRS network
How it Works
SGSN in charge:
1. Send packets to the Mobile Station (MS) in an area
2. Sent a number of questions to the HLR to obtain customer data profile (GPRS mobility management)
3. Detecting new MS-GPRS services in an area of responsibility (location management)
4. SGSN is connected to the GSM BSS with Frame Relay connections through the PCU (Packet Control Unit) in the BSC
GGSN duty:
1. As an interface to the external IP network such as public internet or a mobile service provider
2. Updating routing information from the PDU (Protocol Data Units) to the SGSN.
GPRS uses packet switch communication system as a way to transmit data. Packet switch is a system in which the data to be transmitted is divided into small portions (packets) and then transmitted and converted back into data before. The system can transmit thousands or even millions of packets per second. Transmission through (Public Land Mobile Network) using the IP backbone. Because it allows for the use of the transmission channel PLMN concurrently by another user then the cost of GPRS access, in theory, less expensive than the cost of access to the CSD.
GPRS is designed to provide packet data transfer services on GSM networks at speeds better than GSM. Better speed is obtained by using a coding scheme (CS), which is different from GSM.
INTERNET AND COMPUTER
GPRS in Indonesia
The company pioneered GPRS in Indonesia are:
1. TelkomVentus - PT. Telkom Ventus is the brand name for the Push email is a value-added services and convergence of services electronic correspondence (e-mail) and mobile system (cellular / wireless) that enables done relaying the email that has been received via a desktop or laptop to a smartphone or PDA phone By using this service email account owner can receive or send messages electronically, no longer form of short messages via mobile phone or PDA terminal has. Push email product is a product that can be compared to 'bring' all the ability to send and receive emails from a desktop or notebook into a smartphone or PDA phone that is connected to the network GPRS (Global Packet Radio Services) or PDN (Packet Data Network)
2. BlackBerry - PT. Indosat Matrix Intended for Postpaid customers are corporate Jabotabek installation company will install Blackberry Enterprise Server (BES) on the company's servers. Every email that comes into your email inbox enterprise server will be encrypted, then pushed to the phone via GPRS networks Indosat. Mobile phones are specifically used Blackberry 7730 series engaged in GSM triband 900/1800/1900 Mhz BlackBerry Service provides an integrated wireless access, both for e-mail, telephone, personal information management (PIM), enterprise data and applications.
Installation
In order to use GPRS (especially on mobile phones that support) required settings first. How are the GPRS settings of the respective operator. To use GPRS on your computer, you can connect GPRS mobile phone with a computer tersetting. Furthermore, it takes PC Suite (software CD that is packed at the time of buying a mid-end phone up).
Currently, the development of GPRS in Indonesia compete with 3G technology which is a further development of GPRS.
System GPRS service rates do not by duration of use, but based on the amount of data transferred.
GPRS technology allows us to access the internet from anywhere. The important thing is we have a computer, a mobile phone equipped with GPRS facility, and a SIM card that provides GPRS services.
The downside of GPRS is to get a mobile internet connection, we must make certain settings on our mobile teleon. It is quite difficult because each brand of mobile phones and mobile phone operators have their own ways to activate its GPRS facility.
Another disadvantage of using a GPRS internet connection adaah serv prices are relatively expensive.
The average tariff for installing operator Rp5/kb. This means that if we download 1MB of data, itâ must pay 5 × 1024 = Rp5.120, 00. When compared with dial-up service, with average download speeds of 4kbps course, to download a 1 MB we only takes about 5 minutes. Money we spent for the connection is only 5 minutes 5/60 x Rp 10.000,00 = Rp 834.00.
INTERNET AND COMPUTER
WiFi
WiFi stands for Wireless Fidelity.
WiFi is tekologi abel jarigan without the use of high frequency electromagnetic waves to transmit data. Frequencies used by WiFi technology is the 2.3 GHz spectrum.
By using WiFi, you can access the Internet quickly. WiFi has the ability to access the internet up to 11 Mbps or five times faster than Internet access using 3G.
Because using wireless, WiFi technology suitable to utilize the location or runagan always be changed looks.
So that we can tehubung computer to the Internet using Wi-Fi, our computer must be equipped with a WiFi card or have support WiFi technology. Then we kitaberada available at the location where the WiFi signal is often called a hotspot or dot points. Nowadays there are plenty of public places that has been providing services akes use WiFi internet connection.
There are three kmponan contained in a hotspot locations, including sebgai following:
1. Access Point (Access Point) is a device that connects to an Ethernet LAN Wireless technologies contained in the computer. The access point has to serve many users as 128 people. The total area that can be reached by an access point reaches 25-100 meters.
2. Access Controller (access control) is a device that serves as an authentication tool, to check whether a user is a person who has the right or permission to access.
3. Internet Link is a device that connects to the internet hotspot locations. Internet has the ability to link up to the Internet connection speed of 512 kbps. Connection capability is used to serve all the users in one location.
The downside of internet access with WiFi access is only done at derah dapa 100m so far from the point. And to date, only certain spots are already mounted points out.
Certain places are usually a college, hotels, cafes, airports and other public places. Nowadays there are a lot of malls, cafes, hotels that provide internet access using WiFi for free. It is then used by many people for accessing the internet while hanging out with friends.
Another drawback with internet access via WiFi is the issue of data security. Even encrypted (encoded), data is sent over a data network yan easily penetrated.
Wireless Broadband
Wi-Fi technology allows us to access the Internet at high speed. However, the condition we have to be on WiFi signal to reach areas.
Limited area with WiFi signal and the distance range of the WiFi signal is very short (about 100m) cause we can only use WiFi in certain areas only.
Today is a new wireless technology being developed is called the Wireless Broadband (WiBro).
However, this technology is still under development and only used in some countries and not sold in Indonesia.
Dibandingka with WiFi, WiBro can be accessed from a distance of 1 kilometer from the access point with the speed of 512 kbps. WiBro Access is also possible from a moving vehicle at speeds up to 60 km / h.
3G
3G services can be obtained through GSM and CDMA operators.
In the GSM operators, 3G using WCDMA technology. Fac is an evolution of GSM technology which then developed into GPRS. Later developed into GPRS EDGE (Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution) and eventually became WCDMA (3).
While the CMA operator, 3G technology EDV (Evolution Data Optimized). Ersebut technology is an evolution of the IS95 20001X (2.5 G) developed into CDMA20001X EVDO (3G) and then menjai CDMA20001X EVDV (3G).
The advantages of using a 3G internet access, in addition to the wide bandwidth, can also be supported with HSDPA (High Speed Downlink Packet Access).
Such technology allows internet access as 2.6 Mbps or 40 times faster than Internet access by dial-up.
The downside of 3G technology is that we can only use limited to local outreach service providers. This Saai msih 3G coverage is very limited.
Operators of 3G services, such as Indosat, Telkomsel and XL could bring new services in major cities in Indonesia alone and still dominated in Java. The 3G service operators still have to think twice to expand the service to other areas of potential users is small, because the investment costs incurred to build a huge infrastructure. This means derah other areas will still be a long reach of 3G services.
Another limitation if you want to use the internet to access 3G services is the device used.
If we want to access the internet using the 3G service, we need to have a cell phone equipped with 3G.padahal technology, 3G mobile phone price is still expensive.
The 3G network is not an upgrade from 2G; 2G operators affiliated with 3GPP need to replace a lot of components to be able to provide 3G services.
While 2G operators affiliated with 3GPP2 technologies easier to upgrade to 3G because of its various network elements are designed for the direction of broadband wireless services (wireless broadband).
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